Unit 5

一、词汇短语

Text I

1．paralyze [5pArElaIz] v. a） if something paralyses you, it makes you lose the ability to move part or all of your body, or to feel it使瘫痪，使麻痹 A stroke paralyzed half his face.中风使他半边脸瘫痪。b） to make sth unable to operate normally使不能正常活动：Fear of unemployment is paralyzing the economy.对失业的恐惧影响了经济的正常运行。

2．peninsula [pi5ninsjulE] n. a piece of land almost completely surrounded by water but joined to a large mass of land半岛：His house is located on the tip of peninsula.他的房屋坐落在半岛顶端。

3．afflict [E5flikt] v. to cause severe suffering or pain使受痛苦，折磨：Famine and war still afflict mankind.饥饿和战争仍旧困扰着人类。

4．install [in5stC:l] v. a） to set up安装：Security cameras were installed in the city center.市中心安装了安全摄像头。b） to put sb. in an important job or position使…正式就职：He was installed as the Chancellor of the university.他被正式任命为大学校长。

5．split-level—（of a building or room） having floors at different heights in different parts分层式：a split-level house分层式房屋

6．spent [spent] adj. a） extremely tired疲倦的：After a day’s hardworking, she felt so spent that she couldn’t focus on her learning.经过一整天的辛苦工作，她太疲惫了，没办法投入到学习中。b） already used and now empty or useless用过的，已废的，失效的：He found two spent matches.他发现两根用过的火柴。

7．hobble [5hCbl] v. a） to walk with difficulty蹒跚，跛行：He hobbled into the room on crutches.他拄着拐杖一瘸一拐地走进房间。b） to deliberately make sure that a plan, system cannot work successfully使行不通：Many start-ups are hobbled by a lack of sufficient capitals.许多新成立的公司都因资金不足而无法维持下去。

8．cripple [5kripl] n. someone who is unable to use his limbs, esp. the legs瘸子：My father is a cripple, my mother in poor health.我父亲是个残疾人，而我母亲身体又不好。

9．gusty [5^Qsti] adj. characterized by or blowing in strong rushes of wind阵风的，起大风的：They got out of the jeep and climbed in gusty wind.他们出了吉普车，顶着一阵阵狂风爬了上去。其名词形式为：gust一阵狂风

10．slash [slAF] v. a） to cut or try to cut something violently挥砍，鞭打：The scissors slashed his finger open.剪子把它的手指划了个口子。b） to greatly reduce an amount, price削减：The shop plans to slash the fur prices after Spring Festival.这家店决定在春节之后削减皮毛的价格。

11．jerk [dVE:k] v. to pull suddenly and quickly猛拉：She jerked the string and the puppet jumped.他猛一拉绳子，木偶就跳了起来。搭配jerk out意为“断断续续地说出”；jerk sb around意为“耍弄某人”。

12．bang [bAN] n. a） a sudden loud noise巨响，爆炸声：There was a loud bang outside the kitchen.厨房外发出了一声巨响。b） a painful blow to the body when you hit sth or sth hits you猛击，猛撞：She fell and got a nasty bang on the knee.她摔倒了，膝盖猛撞在地上。搭配with a bang意为“非常成功，轰轰烈烈引人注目地办一件事情”。

13．slick [slik] adj. a） smooth and slippery光滑的：The slick floor brought me down in a heavy fall.光滑的地板把我重重地摔了一跤。b） be good at persuading people, often in a way that does not seem honest圆滑的：a slick spokesperson一个圆滑的代言人。其名词形式为：slickness光滑

14．enormity [i5nC:miti] n. a） the quality of being very great, esp. in difficulty巨大，极大：Even now, the full enormities of his crime has not been exposed.直到现在，他巨大的罪恶还没有被披露出来。b） a very evil and cruel act弥天大罪

15．sweep [swi:p] v. a） to move quickly and smoothly （all over）扫过，掠过：His glance swept from right to left.他左右扫视了一圈。b） to clean the dust, dirt from the ground打扫，清扫：My mother sweeps the kitchen every day.妈妈每天都打扫厨房。c） to move quickly and confidently, especially when one is impatient or like to seem important大模大样地走：Jack swept into the meeting and demanded to know what was going on.杰克大摇大摆地走进会议室，问会议进行到哪里了。

16．thump [WQmp] v. a） to hit someone very hard with your hand closed用拳头狠击：If you don’t shut up, I will thump you.你再不住口，我就打你。b） bit very strongly and quickly because you are excited or feared（指心脏）急速跳动：The excitement made her heart thump.她兴奋地心脏怦怦直跳。

17．driveway [5draIvweI] n. a road for vehicles that connects a private house私人车道：The driveway was sheltered by a large cypress tree.车道被一株大柏树遮蔽着。

18．horn [hC:n] n. an apparatus which makes a loud warning sound喇叭，报警器：The driver blew her horn when the child stepped in front of the car.当那小孩走到汽车前面时, 司机按响了喇叭。

19．crutch [krQtF] n. a） a stick under one’s arm, for supporting a person who has difficulty in walking拐杖：When he broke his leg he had to walk on crutches.他腿摔断了以后, 不得不靠拐杖走路。b） something that gives someone support or help, especially sth that is not good精神寄托物：As things got worse at work, he began to use alcohol as a crutch.工作上遇到不顺时，他就借酒消愁。

20．bundle [5bQndl] v. to quickly push something or someone into something捆绑，把…塞入：The guest got very drunk so they bundled him into a taxi and sent him home.那位客人喝得酩酊大醉, 于是他们把他塞进一辆计程车，送他回家。搭配bundle off意为“寄走（包裹等）”；bundle up意为“捆（包等），使穿的暖暖的”。

21．slacken [5slAkEn] v. to become slower or less active使放慢，使迟缓：Ann allowed her pace to slacken.安放慢了自己的脚步。搭配slacken off意为“松弛，减弱”。

22．clank [klANk] n. a short loud sound低沉的金属声，叮当声：In their prisons today, you will still hear the clank of leg irons.在他们监狱里，你还能听到脚镣的叮当声。

23．jack [dVAk] n. an apparatus for lifting a car off the ground千斤顶：He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。

24．tilt [tilt] v. to cause to slope使倾斜：Sonny tilted back in his chair.桑尼坐在椅子里, 斜靠着椅背。His eyes tilt more.他的眼睛挑得更斜了。搭配tilt with windmills意为“与假象的敌人或对手作战”。

25．interval [5intEvEl] n. a period of time between activities间隔时间：The interval between arrest and trial can be up to six months.被捕与审判之间的间隔时间可达六个月之久。搭配at regular intervals意为“定期地，适度地，合适距离地”。

26．frail [freil] adj. weak and poor in health脆弱的。憔悴的：She was so small and frail; she aroused your instincts of protection.她瘦小憔悴，唤起你本能的保护欲。搭配mentally / physically frail意为“精神不佳 / 身体虚弱”。

27．penetrate [5penitreit] v. a） to enter or pass （into / through）渗入，穿过：Water penetrated the room.水渗入房间里。b） to understand了解，明白：I heard what you said, but it didn’t penetrate.你的话我听见了, 但是没有听懂。其名词形式为：penetration渗透；洞察力

28．fumble [5fQmbl] v. to move the fingers in an attempt to do something乱摸，笨拙地弄：Benjamin fumbled for the light switch. 本杰明手忙脚乱地找电灯开关。短语fumble for意为“摸索着找…”。

29．indifference [In5dIfrEns] n. not caring about漠不关心，冷淡：He feigned indifference to criticism of his work.他假装毫不在意别人批评他的作品。

30．scriptural [5skrIptFEr(E)l] adj. according to a holy writing, esp. the Bible手稿的，圣经的，依据圣经的：respond to the scriptural call响应《圣经》的呼唤。

31．admonition [AdmE5niFEn] n. a warning or expression of disapproval about someone’s behavior告诫，劝告：It was an admonition then and an urgent need today.那在当时是忠告，而现在是一种急切的需要。

Text II

1．numb [nQm] adj. deprived of the power to feel or move normally麻木的，失去感觉的：His fingers were numb with cold.他的手冻得发麻。 v. to make or become numb使…麻木，使变麻木：She was completely numbed by the shock of her father’s death.她父亲去世造成的打击使她目瞪口呆。

2．catastrophic [9kAtE`strCfIk] adj. of a miserable or serious catastrophe灾难性的：It has been predicted that the Earth will tilt on its axis, causing catastrophic famine and disease.有人曾预言地球会导致大荒灾和疾病。

3．invalid [in5vAlid] n. someone who is ill, usually for a long time and often needing to be cared by another person病人，残疾人：He has been an invalid all his life.他终身残废。 adj. a） not legally or officially acceptable（法律上或官方）不承认的， 无效的：A passport that is out of date is invalid.护照过期是无效的。b） not based on true facts or clear ideas, and lacks good judgment无适当根据的，无充分事实的，站不住脚的：This is an invalid assumption.这是一个无根据的假设。

4．implication [7impli5keiFEn] n. a） the act of implying or the condition of implied暗示，含意：What are the implications of this statement?这一声明的含义是什么? b） be involved in a crime or a dishonest act卷入, 牵连,牵涉：We heard of his implication in a conspiracy.我们听说他被牵连在叛乱案中。

5．adversity [Ed5vE:siti] n. a difficult or unlucky situation or event不幸，灾祸：The true features of a man is shown in adversity; the strength of a horse is tested on a muddy road.患难识人,泥泞知马。

6．grab [^rAb] v. a） to take hold of something or someone suddenly or roughly抓住，攫取：Kay grabbed hold of my arm to stop herself falling.凯紧紧地抓着我的胳膊不让自己掉下去。b） to get some food or sleep quickly because you are busy（尤指匆忙地）取，拿，吃，喝：Let’s grab a bite to eat before we go.在我们去之前稍微吃些东西。c） to get something for yourself, sometimes in an unfair way（尤指自私、贪婪地）捞取，赚取，抢占:：Bob tried to grab all the profit.鲍勃试图攫取所有的利益。

7．conspiracy [kEn5spirEsi] n. an agreement to perform together an illegal, wrongful act阴谋，共谋：Several generals formed a conspiracy to overthrow the government.几名将军进行颠覆政府的阴谋活动。

8．stride [straid] v. to walk somewhere quickly with long steps大步行走，跨过：She strode purposefully up to the door and knocked loudly.她故意地大步走到门前, 并大声敲门。 n. the act of striding跨步：He walked with long strides.他迈着大步走去。搭配put sb. off his stride意为“打乱某人的工作节奏，使某人失去镇静”。

9．accomplishment [E5kCmpliFmEnt] n. a） something successful or impressive that is achieved after a lot of effort and hard work成绩，成就：Several important milestones in foreign policy have been passed by this Congress and they can be chalked up as major accomplishments.这次代表大会通过了对外政策中几起划时代的事件,并且它们可作为主要成就记录下来。b） the act of finishing or achieving something good完成，实现：Money will be crucial to the accomplishment of our objectives.要实现我们的目标，钱是至关重要的。c） an ability to do something well, or the skill involved in doing something well技能, （社交上的）才艺，专长：Her technical accomplishment on the piano is startling.她在钢琴方面的造诣令人惊歎。